Human resource management in
education
Introduction
Human resource management which
includes planning, development and management of human resources. Human
resource management is also known by other names like personnel management,
manpower management, staff management, personnel administration etc. making
available quality education to all,
developing vocational skills in all
students and expanding employment opportunities on a large scale are the
important functions of human resource management. Unless we have a proper
system of human resource management the energies released by mass education and
social welfare schemes will be misdirected and partially wasted.
Definition of human resource management
Human resource management is a set
of policies, practices and programmes designed to maximize both personal and
organizational goals. It is the process of binding people and organizations
together so that the objectives of each are achieved. – Gupta
Strategies for human resource management
- Devising an educational system which imparts knowledge, skills and values to students to enable them to successfully perform their future roles in society.
- Providing opportunities for teamwork, social service and pursuit of excellence in all fields, will enhance human capacities.
- Creating awareness that everyone. It will be better in a proper social climate and inculcating values like work ethics, team spirit, pride in achievement and self-reliance.
- Offering career and vocational guidance to the youth by experts.
- Strengthening the system of supervision and feedback.
- Enforcing a graded system of incentives for outstanding work.
- Promoting equal opportunities to women, rural poor and deprived sections of society.
These strategies
could be helpful in human resource management.
Functions of human resource
management
Managerial functions
Ø Planning ,
Ø Organinising,
Ø Directing,
Ø Controlling
Operative functions
Procurement
Ø Job analysis
Ø Human resource planning
Ø Recruitment
Ø Selection
Ø Placement
Ø Induction
Ø Transfer
Ø Promotion
Ø Separation.
Development
Ø Performance appraisal
Ø Training
Ø Executive development
Ø Career planning and development
Compensation
Ø Job evaluation,
Ø Wage and salary administration
Ø Bonus
Ø Incentives payroll.
Integration
Ø Motivation
Ø job Satisfaction
Ø Grievance redressal
Ø Collective bargaining
Ø Conflict management
Ø Participation of employees
Ø Discipline.
Maintenance
Ø Health
Ø Safety
Ø Social security welfare
Ø Schemes personal
Ø Records personnel
Ø Research personnel, and
Ø Audit.
Need for human resource
management in education
Human resource management and the institution
Human resource management can help
the institution in achieving its achieving its goals efficiently, effectively
and economically.
- Attracting and retaining the required talent through effective human resource planning, recruitment, selection, and promotion policies.
- Securing willing co-operation of staff through motivation, participation and grievance handling.
- Developing the necessary skills and right attitudes among the staff members through training, development, and performance appraisal.
- Utilizing effectively the available human resources.
- Ensuring that the enterprise will have in future a team of competent and dedicated employees.
Human resource management and the profession
Human resource management could be
instrumental in the improvement of quality in work life. It encourages team
work among the staff by providing a healthy work environment. It also helps
professional growth by.
- Providing maximum opportunities for personal development of every staff member.
- Maintaining healthy relationships between individuals and among other faculty members.
- Allocating work in a just manner.
Human resource management and the society
Human resource management enhances
the dignity of labour and reduces social barriers by
- Providing suitable jobs to people and there by increase their social and psychological satisfaction.
- Maintaining a balance between job seekers and available jobs in each category.
- Elimination of waste of human resources through conservation of physical and mental health.
Human resource management and the nation
Human resource management interacts
with other subsystems like finance, technology, research, production etc. it is
largely responsible for the overall development of the nation. Human resource
development programmes like providing universal education, on the job training,
cultivating work culture among the employees etc. it is necessary to increase
job opportunities in our country.
Role of human resource
management in education expansion
Human resource management plays a key
role in the quantitative expansion and qualitative improvement in education.
There has been a phenomenal growth in higher education after independence and
notable increase in school education.
Human resource management is concerned with the
following functions
- Improving the health of children through free health checkups and provision of noon-meals to poor children in primary schools on an working days.
- Opening of primary schools in all villages with a population of 300 or more.
- Encouraging private initiative in the spread of education by permitting self-financing institutions.
- Making the national literacy movement a people’s programme.
- Assisting open universities and open schools.
- Providing special education to the challenged (handicapped)
- Opening alternate schools for school dropouts.
- Offering free scholarships to the weaker sections of society.
- Popularising mother tongue as the medium of instruction.
- Providing essential infrastructure to all primary and middle schools through “Sarva Shiksha Abiyan” a centrally sponsored nation wide scheme.
- Providing free hostel facilities to students from deprived sections of society.
- Distributing free text books, stationary and dress to poor students.
Human Resource management and qualitative improvement
in education
Several innovations and developments
have taken place in education to improve the quality of teaching and learning.
Some of them are as follows
- Joyful learning- learning through songs, dance, stories, and exploring the environment have been introduced at the primary school level.
- Activity methods in teaching are encouraged.
- Computer literacy is provided for students from Std VI onwards.
- English or a modern language is taught to all students at secondary school level.
- Job oriented courses are introduced at higher education level.
- New courses in health sciences, and mass communication are offered in many colleges.
- Self-teaching through internet, telecasts, broadcasts, studying reference books and participation in seminars are encouraged.
- Institutions of excellence like I.I.T.s , I.I.M.s have been established.
- Teachers at all levels are made to undergo refresher courses periodically.
- Curriculum and syllabus are revised and updated at regular intervals.
- Research is receiving greater attention in the universities.
Material management
Many materials and facilities are
required in the functioning of an institution. They should be made available
adequately at the right time to make the institutions function smoothly and
efficiently.
Materials purchased for an
institution fall under two categories (i) consumable goods and (ii) Durable
goods
Consumable/Non-Durable goods
Materials like chemicals purchased for laboratories and office
stationeries cannot be used repeatedly and the stock get depleted as and when
we use. Electric bulbs, automobile vehicle tyres, rubber tubes etc. also fall
under this category. A consumable stock register should be separately
maintained indicating the details like date and quantity of different items
purchased, quantity used, date of use and the signature of the person who used
it.
Durable/ Non-consumable goods
Newly purchased fittings and furniture’s made of steel or wood,
electrical and electronic devices, laboratory equipments, library books,
computers, radios, television set etc. fall under this head. They last long and
even if get damaged could be repaired for continued use. When some items of
durable become unrepairable, they should be treated as condemned and deleted
from the stock register with the approval of the manager/ designated higher
authorities.
It is desirable to conduct internal audit every year, check
physically all the materials in the stock and scrutinize various records and
registers with the help of suitable teachers in the school.
Stock-checking should be undertaken in the library and laboratories
also; before the commencement of summer vacation every year to verify the stock
as per the entries in the registers to know the exact position regarding
library books, laboratory equipments and devices. Computers and related software’s,
audio-visual equipments, sports materials etc. stock registers after due
verification, should be placed before the head of the institutions/
departmental heads and get the counter signed.
Human resource development and students
Ø Identify the inherent potentials, aptitudes, interests, and talents
of pupils. So that they could be properly nurtured through appropriate
programmes of guidance and education
Ø Provide adequate opportunities to students to develop their talents.
Ø Promote students interest in different arts and crafts and develop
vocational skills.
Ø Make the pupils realize the need for social concern in addition to
constantly striving for personal growth and progress.
Ø Develop self-confidence and self-dependence in pupils.
Human resource management
Resource management should not be
narrowly construed as the optimum utilization of natural and financial
resources available in the country so as to maximize the intended output. In a
populous country like India ,
it should also include the conservation of available manpower, eliminating
possible wastages either due to dispersion, degradation or under-utilization.
Available manpower should also be enriched and efficiently applied with proper
planning, to achieve the set objectives of national development. That is why
education has been brought under the ministry of human resource development. As
China
is giving the same level of importance to programmes of human resource
development as that being given to population control schemes it could
accelerate the rate of national development.
Making available quality education
to all, developing vocational skills in all students and expanding employment
opportunities on a large scale are the important functions of human resource
management. Unless we have a proper system of human resource management. Unless
we have a proper system of human resource management, the energies released by
mass education and social welfare schemes will be misdirected and partially
wasted.
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