INTRODUCTION
Vocational
guidance is a long continues process, which begins in the school. Vocational
guidance is needed throughout the working life of the individual. In guidance
movement, attention was first
paid to vocational guidance.
FUNCTIONS OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE FOR THE SECONDARY
STAGE
Some
main aims of functions of vocational guidance for the secondary school stage
are as follows:
1.
Helping
pupils according to their vocational assets and liabilities
Through a student information service,
the guidance programme should assist the pupils to appraise their abilities,
aptitudes, interests and personality qualities. The pupils should be helped to
‘measure’ themselves, their assets and liabilities.
2. Helping pupils to be
familiar with vocational implications of different subjects to be studied in
the secondary school.
3. Helping pupils to be
familiar with occupations and their requirements
For successful adjustment to the world
of work, pupils should be helped to be familiar with occupations and their
requirements. The pupils should be made familiar with the employment situation
in the country, the job trends, requirements of different jobs as period of training,
emoluments, conditions of work and future prospects. This knowledge will be of
great help in making adjustments, and preparing proper plans for his future.
One of the major responsibilities of
the guidance worker is to bring the complex reality into focus and to help the
individual to evaluate both his opportunities and his limitations. So that the
transition from secondary school to the academic or vocational stream of higher
secondary school or junior college is facilitated.
4.
Helping
pupils to prepare themselves for entry into the careers of their choice
As students step into the working
life, they will have to be provided with information about the training
facilities sufficiently in advance to avoid inconvenience.
5. Helping pupils to get
suitable jobs
A good programme of vocational
guidance should help the pupils in “getting a good start in the profession.”
For this, it is necessary that schools keep themselves in touch with employment
exchanges so that they are in a position to give adequate information to school
leavers about the jobs available.
6. Helping pupils to know
themselves
The child is developed sufficiently to understand
himself and bout the external world as he enters secondary school stage. It is
the time when the real and well organized concepts should be developed about
his own mind and working areas. This helps the children in planning
realistically.
7. Helping pupils to make
a right choice
By
counseling interview, the pupil can be help to know and evaluate his qualities.
This evaluation facilitates the pupil for right choice. In this decision of
right choice, both the pupil and his parents are involved. Sometimes parents
need more guidance then the pupil.
8.
Occupational
information in details is given to all the pupils to display centers
publications, lectures by experts, occupational visits, etc.
9.
Parents of pupils are
also about the courses running in the school and prospectus of different types
of courses available in the country.
FUNCTION OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE FOR THE HIGHER SECONDARY
STAGE
1.
They are given complete
information about medical and paramedical courses, technical courses, courses
of engineering and technology, courses related to business and industry,
courses related to clerical jobs and all are mend for 10+2 pass students.
2.
Students are guided how
to take admission in the above courses and what are the precondition for that.
E.g. no students below 60% mark in 10+2
can appear in IIT entrance exam.
3.
Intelligence and
personality of pupils are tested in order to give them a realistic suggestion
whether they are capable for completing a particular exam or not.
4.
Individual record is
prepared and maintained. The progress of pupils is communicated to parents
also.
5.
Pupils are suggested
about different options which are available for them on the basis of their
abilities and efforts.
6.
Regular counseling
programmes are organized for under achievers and for those who have any behavioral
problem either due to physical reasons or mental ones.
7.
Orientation programmes
are organized for pupils to develop interest in a particular stream and for
increasing academic achievement.
8.
Parents and pupils are
given assistance in changing the options within the field if possible.
9.
Students are helped in
making proper planning of the career and course of study.
10.
Information regarding
the inter connection of different subjects are also given to them.
11.
To carry on the work
started in the earlier stages more intensively and vigorously. The pupils
should be made aware of the opportunities open to them.
12.
To help pupils relate
their studies to the vocations that is open to them.
13.
To help pupils make a
comprehensive study of the careers on the lines they would like to pursue.
14.
To help pupils acquaint
themselves with avenues for higher education and the assistance which might be
available in the form of scholarships, stipends, grants and fellowships.
15.
To help pupils make
contacts which would be helpful in putting their plans into successful
operation.
PROBLEMS
IN VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE
1.
Misconception about the
nature and scope of vocational guidance.
2.
Too much dependence on
tests and IQ etc.
3.
It is difficult to
break the prevailing pressure of culture. There is prestige attached to an
occupation and none is prepared to forego that.
4.
There is lack for
adequate information about individual potentialities.
5.
There is inadequate
staffing of vocational guidance services.
6.
The process of
assisting the individual to choose an appropriate occupation cannot be
completed quickly. Moreover, one needs time to adjust in new position and know
the effectiveness of vocational guidance.
7.
It deals with the
highly complex and fast changing world of work. There are many occupations and
we lack information regarding that and the person hesitates to enter into
occupations which are of least demand.
CONCLUSION
The main purpose of
vocational guidance is to serve the individual and society; to relevant
maladjustment and dissatisfaction, and to ensure efficient use of manpower. An
individual’s potentialities and discovered and developed through his own
efforts for his personal happiness and social usefulness.
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